The emergence of the Internet has brought about significant changes in various industries, driven by technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing (CC), and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). These technologies are merging the real and virtual worlds, leading to what is now known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). The 4IR is characterized by the application of IoT, AI, and intelligent robots in various industries, where objects and products control their own production and communicate with machines and equipment during the manufacturing process.
In the manufacturing industry, this concept is referred to as Industry 4.0 (I4.0), and it is leading to social, economic, and technological changes. It involves the adoption of Technologies 4.0 (T4.0), which encompass advanced manufacturing/collaborative robotics, additive manufacturing, simulation, augmented reality, horizontal and vertical integration, Industrial IoT (IIoT), Cloud Computing (CC), cybersecurity, Big Data and Analytics, and AI. These technologies are revolutionizing the entire value chain process in manufacturing.
The adoption of T4.0 and the degree of horizontal integration in the manufacturing industry are important factors to consider. A study conducted in Argentina aimed to assess the degree of adoption of T4.0, the degree of horizontal integration, and the adoption of quality management (QM) soft skills throughout the entire value stream life cycle (VSLC) in the Argentine market.
The study found that the adoption of T4.0 in the Argentine manufacturing industry is still at a moderate level, with around 66% of companies using some form of T4.0 in their operations. However, there is a significant portion (around 30% to 40%) of companies that do not use any T4.0 throughout the entire VSLC. This indicates that there is still room for improvement in terms of adopting these technologies.
The study also revealed that there is a lack of horizontal integration in the manufacturing industry, with at least one out of three companies not using any T4.0 throughout the entire VSLC. This highlights the need for greater integration and coordination between different stages of the value chain.
In terms of quality management, the study found that there is a moderate level of adoption of QM soft skills throughout the entire VSLC. However, there is still room for improvement, as the use of new technologies for quality assurance is still relatively low. This is especially true for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which face challenges in terms of resources and infrastructure.
The study also compared the adoption of T4.0 and the degree of integration and quality management practices among different types of companies. It found that large companies and multinational companies generally have a higher level of adoption and integration compared to SMEs and companies of national origin. This is likely due to the resources and international standards and regulations that these companies have to comply with.
In terms of industrial sectors, the study found that the pharmaceutical industry has the highest level of adoption and integration, while the food and metal-mechanic industries have relatively lower levels. This could be attributed to the presence of SMEs and the lack of resources and infrastructure in these sectors.
Overall, the study highlights the importance of adopting T4.0, promoting horizontal integration, and improving quality management practices in the manufacturing industry. These factors are crucial for staying competitive in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The study provides valuable insights for companies and policymakers in Argentina and beyond, as they navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by T4.0 and the digital transformation of manufacturing.
Reference
Salimbeni S.; Redchuk A.; Rousserie H. (2023). Quality 4.0: technologies and readiness factors in the entire value flow life cycle. Production and Manufacturing Research, 11(1), -, DOI: 10.1080/21693277.2023.2238797.